Attention - useful information for student of 2nd year student

 I continue my messages about life of cell. Common question. 

This video will be useful for practical class in biochemistry, in theme of metabolism of  carbohydrates. 

By VaTiKAn 

Repetition is the mother of learning-Repetitio est mater studiorum

I call  your attention new series of video messages about life of cell.  I hope it will be useful for all students of ASMA, especially for 1st year student. Video message is  funny animation, however  it is  close to real events in cells.

By VaTiKAn

Intresting video about atherosclerosis

 

By VaTiKAn

Guide to Diet For Atherosclerosis

Here is some basic eating advice to slow down atherosclerosis by dietary means:

• Increase your consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables for their antioxidant properties. Citrus fruit, broccoli, spinch, carrots, peppers, garlic, leeks and onions are especially beneficial.

• Eat more oily fish. Species such as mackerel, salmon and herring are rich in omega-3 essential fatty acids, which improve cholesterol levels as well as the elasticity of the arteries.

• Eat more oats, apples and beans for their soluble fiber which helps to lower cholesterol intake.

• Avoid all offal, reduce your intake of red meat, and switch to lean skinless chicken/turkey or fish. Red meat, unless ultra-lean and trimmed, may be high in saturates.

• When purchasing margarine, oil, or baked/processed goods, check food labels and choose foods low in trans-fats, hydrogenated or saturated fat, and low in sodium.

• Limit your intake of eggs to 3-4 per week. Eggs are high in dietary cholesterol.

• Reduce your intake of alcohol to moderate levels. Meaning one drink per day for women, or two for men. One drink is 12 fl oz of beer, a glass of wine or one measure of spirits.

By VaTiKAn 

What are causes of atherosclerosis?

It's unclear exactly why plaque builds up on artery walls. One theory is that it begins with some type of damage to the artery's inner wall. This theory make sense, because some of the risk factors for atherosclerosis can also damage blood vessels. These include:  

-High blood pressure 

-High cholesterol
-Diabetes
-Smoking
A damaged artery may become inflamed, and platelets try to repair the injury. Certain white blood cells move in and start attracting cholesterol and other fatty materials. Eventually plaques form and harden. 

Other risk factors for developing atherosclerosis include: 

• Obesity

• Diets high in saturated fats

• Lack of physical activity

By VaTiKAn

Metabolism of cholesterol - information about atherosclerosis

 Cholesterol and Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease characterized by lipid deposition and inflammation in the arterial wall. Cholesterol is the major lipid species in atherosclerotic lesions and accumulates in both unesterified and esterified forms. Early studies characterizing localization and abundance of cholesterol in association with lesion
morphology and severity have illuminated the prominent role of cholesterol in athero-progression. Rapp et al. observed that an increased percentage of free cholesterol (as a proportion of total cholesterol) was associated with evolution of the atherosclerotic process. Kruth further demonstrated that free and esterified cholesterol accumulated within many diverse and distinct structures in lesions, and extracellular free cholesterol-enriched particles constituted a significant portion of accumulated cholesterol.

These studies in aggregate suggest that deposition of free and esterified cholesterol has a critical physiological impact on athero-progression.
 

 

 By VaTiKAn

 

 

We prefer M.D. House - what do you think about it?

 Our dear colleagues !
We want to discuss with all readers of our blog  problem of ethics of doctor in famous medical drama House, M.D. 
For a start we prefer your attention short story about it. We wait your comments.

House, M.D. is an American television medical drama. The show's central character is Dr. Gregory House, an unconventional and misanthropic medical genius who heads a team of diagnosticians at the fictional Princeton‑Plainsboro Teaching Hospital  in New Jersey. House often clashes with his fellow physicians, including his own diagnostic team, because many of his hypotheses about patients' illnesses are based on subtle or controversial insights. His flouting of hospital rules and procedures. House's only true friend is Dr. James Wilson, head of the Department of Oncology. 

 House's department usually only treats patients that have already been to other doctors but have failed to receive an accurate diagnosis yet. House habitually rejects cases that he does not find interesting. House frequently mutters, "Everybody lies", or proclaims during the team's deliberations, "The patient is lying"; this assumption guides House's decisions and diagnoses.



House is critically acclaimed and has high viewer ratings. It was among the top-ten rated shows in the United States from its second through its fourth season. Distributed to 66 countries, House was the most watched television program in the world in 2008. 



By VaTiKAn

Regulation of cholesterol metabolism - it is important for all people

  Michael Stuart Brown is Nobel Laureate in Physiology and Medicine

Michael Stuart Brown was born in April 13, 1941 in Brooklyn, New York. He   is an American geneticist and Nobel Laureate. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Joseph L. Goldstein in 1985 for describing the regulation of cholesterol metabolism.

Interesting facts about research

and his discovery

Michael S. Brown was born on April 13, 1941, in Brooklyn, New York, the eldest child of Harvey Brown, a textile salesman, and Evelyn Brown, a housewife. His sister Susan was born three years later. When Brown was 11 years old the family moved to Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Philadelphia, where Brown attended Cheltenham High School. An amateur radio operating license obtained at age 13 led to a life-long fascination with science. A serious interest in journalism also developed early. These two passions, science and writing, have remained paramount ever since.

Brown graduated in 1962 from the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Pennsylvania, with chemistry as his major subject. He spent most of his time at the headquarters of the student newspaper, the Daily Pennsylvanian, where he served as features editor and briefly as editor-in-chief. In 1966 Brown received his M.D. degree from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. In 1964 he married Alice Lapin, a companion from childhood. The next two years were spent as intern and resident in Internal Medicine at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. Here Brown met Joseph L. Goldstein, a fellow intern, and the two established the friendship and mutual respect that led to their long-term scientific collaboration.

The years 1968-1971 were spent at the National Institutes of Health where Brown served initially as Clinical Associate in gastroenterology and hereditary disease. He then joined the Laboratory of Biochemistry, headed by Earl R. Stadtman, a pioneer in the disclosure of the mechanisms by which enzymes are regulated. Here Brown learned the techniques of enzymology and the fundamental principles of metabolic regulation. Brown made an important contribution to the Stadtman effort when he and a colleague discovered that a regulatory enzyme in the glutamine synthetic pathway was controlled by covalent attachment of a nucleotide, uridine.

Inflammatory cholesterol-rich atherosclerotic plaques in coronary arteries nourishing heart muscle. 

In 1971 Brown joined the division of Gastroenterology in the Department of Internal Medicine at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School in Dallas. His selection of Dallas was strongly motivated by his friendship with Goldstein, who had graduated from the Southwestern Medical School. In Dallas, Brown came under the influence of Donald W. Seldin, Chairman of the Department of Internal Medicine, an inspirational figure whose passion for medical science shaped the lives of a generation of Texas students.

Soon after his arrival in Dallas, Brown succeeded in solubilizing and partially purifying 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, a previously enigmatic enzyme that catalyzes the rate-controlling enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. He and Goldstein had developed the hypothesis that abnormalities in the regulation of this enzyme were the cause of familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic disease in which excess cholesterol accumulates in blood and tissues. The formal scientific collaboration with Goldstein began one year later, in 1972, just after Goldstein returned to Dallas from a postdoctoral fellowship in Seattle. The two young physicians initially maintained separate laboratories, but by 1974 the laboratories had been formally joined.

Throughout the decade of the 1970's, when their scientific work was most intensive, Brown and Goldstein continued to function as academic physicians, each performing clinical attending rounds on the general medicine wards of Parkland Memorial Hospital for six to twelve weeks per year. They also conducted frequent teaching rounds in medical genetics. Their research efforts were aided by a number of talented senior collaborators and junior associates, as well as by frequent interchange with interested members of the Department of Internal Medicine.

In 1974, Brown was promoted to the rank of Associate Professor of Internal Medicine at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School. He became a Professor in 1976. In 1977 he was appointed Paul J. Thomas Professor of Medicine and Genetics, and Director of the Center for Genetic Disease at the same institution. In 1985, Brown was appointed Regental Professor of the University of Texas.

Brown was elected to membership in the National Academy of Sciences of the United States in 1980. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Society for Clinical Investigation, the Association of American Physicians, the American Society of Biological Chemists, and the American Society for Cell Biology. He is a Diplomate of the American Board of Internal Medicine and a Fellow of the American College of Physicians.

Brown received several student awards at the University of Pennsylvania, including a Proctor and Gamble Scholarship (1958-1962), the David L. Drabkin Prize in Biochemistry (1962), and the Frederick L. Packard Prize in Internal Medicine (1966). He was elected to Phi Beta Kappa and Alpha Omega Alpha. From 1974 to 1977 he was an Established Investigator of the American Heart Association. He has served on several review boards including the Molecular Cytology Study Section of the National Institutes of Health (1974-77) and the editorial boards of the Journal of Lipid Research, the Journal of Cell Biology, Arteriosclerosis and Science. He has been a member of the Board of Scientific Advisors of the Jane Coffin Childs Fund since 1980.

Brown received the honorary degree of Doctor of Science from the University of Chicago (1982) and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (1982). With his colleague, Goldstein, Brown has shared the following awards: Heinrich Wieland Prize for Research in Lipid Metabolism (1974).
 

Brown and Goldstein jointly delivered the following lectures: Harvey Lecture (1977); Christian A. Herter Lectures at Johns Hopkins University (1979); Harry Steenboch Lectures at the University of Wisconsin at Madison (1980); Smith, Kline, and French Lectures at the University of California, Berkeley (1981).

Brown and his wife, Alice, have two daughters: Elizabeth (born in 1973) and Sara (born in 1977).

By VaTiKAn
 

Our life

Studies and entertainment have a place in our life. We are members of students scientific societies  in biochemistry, physiology, microbiology. We take part in scientific conferences.
In one`s spare time we visit cafe, concerts, museums. We show you small photo-report about our life...

By VaTiKAn